Ekmeklik Buğday Genotiplerinin Verim ve Fenolojik Özelliklerinin Tane Doldurma Dönemindeki Kuraklık Stresine Tepkileri

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the responses of the grain yield and some phenological properties of bread wheat genotypes under controlled field conditions which can be seen in grain filling stage in Central Anatolia Region. This research was conducted to observe the drought resistance of ten bread wheat genotypes at grain filling period. Split-plot in randomized complete block design techniques were used with four replicates in 2009-2010 under rain shelter in Konya Province. Two different irrigation treatments were done in grain filling period drought (S1) and in full irrigation conditions (S2). Results showed that grain yield values varied from 579 (S1) to 760 kg da-1 (S2) under drought treatments, and from 595 (Göksu 99) to 725 kg da-1 (BDME 09/1K). If the means of drought treatment was compared with irrigated treatment, the grain yields of genotypes under grain filling stages drought treatment were 23.9% reduced. DSI values which were calculated for the grain yield of genotypes ranged between 0.58 (Bayraktar 2000) and 1.73 (Göksu 99). Bayraktar 2000 was determined as a variety which is the most tolerant to grain filling stage drought type. As the treatment average of phenological properties, heading duration was ranged from 168.6 to 171.9 days, flowering duration from 174.2 to 178.1 days, physiological maturity duration from 208.9 to 218.0 days and grain filling duration from 34.7 to 39.9 days. The stress treatment compared to full watered conditions presented shortening: 1.9% in heading duration, 2.2% in flowering duration, 4.2% in physiological maturity duration, and 13% in grain filling duration. It was determined that cultivars which had longer grain filling durations result in higher grain yields. In this study, it was determined that the grain filling duration parameter which supported the adaptation to drought in bread wheat genotypes under grain filling stage drought stress can be used as a selection parameter to improve the drought tolerant genotypes.